MRCOG Part 1 Subject Guide

MRCOG Part 1: Immunology

~60 questionsMedium priority

Immunology covers the mechanisms of immune defence, tolerance and disease. Approximately 60 questions, with particular focus on immune tolerance in pregnancy (a fundamental O&G concept), autoimmune conditions in pregnancy and transplant immunology.

Topics Covered

Innate Immunity

  • Physical barriers — skin, mucosa, mucociliary clearance
  • Phagocytes — neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells
  • Natural killer (NK) cells — role in early pregnancy and uterine decidua
  • Complement system — classical, lectin, alternative pathways; C3, C5, MAC
  • Pattern recognition — Toll-like receptors, PAMPs and DAMPs

Adaptive Immunity

  • T lymphocytes — CD4+ helper (Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg), CD8+ cytotoxic
  • B lymphocytes — antibody production, class switching
  • MHC (HLA) — Class I (all nucleated cells, CD8+), Class II (APCs, CD4+)
  • Immunoglobulin classes — IgG (crosses placenta), IgA (secretory), IgM (first response)
  • Primary vs secondary immune response — memory cells, affinity maturation

Immunology of Pregnancy

  • Maternal tolerance to fetal allograft — why the fetus is not rejected
  • HLA-G expression on trophoblast — protects from NK cell attack
  • Th1/Th2 shift in pregnancy — Th2 predominance promotes tolerance
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) — expanded in pregnancy, promote tolerance
  • Anti-D antibodies and haemolytic disease of the newborn — Rh incompatibility

Autoimmunity & Allergy

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome — anti-cardiolipin and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies, recurrent miscarriage
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy — lupus flare, neonatal lupus
  • Type I hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis) — IgE, mast cells, histamine
  • Type II (cytotoxic), III (immune complex), IV (delayed, T-cell mediated) hypersensitivity

Exam Tips for Immunology

1

Maternal tolerance to the fetal semi-allograft is a classic question — know HLA-G, Tregs and Th2 shift.

2

Anti-D: know when to give (all Rh-negative women at risk of sensitisation), dose (500 IU at 28 weeks; 250 IU for events <20 weeks).

3

Immunoglobulin classes: IgG is the only one that crosses the placenta (active transport via FcRn receptor).

4

APS criteria: need both clinical (thrombosis or pregnancy loss) AND lab criteria (antibodies on two occasions ≥12 weeks apart).

5

MHC Class I vs II: Class I presents endogenous antigens to CD8+ T cells; Class II presents exogenous antigens to CD4+ T cells.

Recommended Book

Roitt's Essential Immunology — covers all MRCOG immunology in a readable format.

Practice Immunology questions now

AceMRCOG has 60 Immunology SBA questions with detailed explanations. Start with 50 questions free — no credit card needed.

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